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Fingerprinting Using Sweat Pores Could Solve Decade-Old Crimes
By Breanna Draxler | April 29, 2014 12:05 pm
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Fluorescence sweat pore images on a fingertip. Image credit: Kim et al., Nature Communications
Fluorescence sweat pore images on a fingertip. Credit: Kim et al., Nature Communications
Many a crime has been solved via fingerprints. But those unique traces of a person’s fingertip fade over time. And forensic scientists need pretty much an entire fingerprint to get enough lines to make an accurate identification. Now researchers have a more reliable way of fingerprinting with less of a print: By mapping the tiny sweat pores on a person’s finger.
Each of the ridges on a person’s fingertip is lined with pores. Scientists have known for a century that these tiny holes secrete itty bitty dots of sweat, and that therefore the sweat marks could map an individual fingerprint. But before now there hasn’t been a way to easily analyze such sweat-prints.
Color Change
A materials scientist named Jong-Man Kim of Hanyang University in Seoul, South Korea, just came up with a solution based on chemistry. The key chemical is a polymer called a polydiacetylene, which turns from blue to red when exposed to water. And it doesn’t take much—a drop just one-thousandth of a cubic millimeter is enough to trigger the color change.
It’s the only such polymer that responds to plan old water. Plus it’s cheap and easy to use: The polymer can be loaded into an inkjet cartridge and printed on pieces of plastic for quick and easy fingerprinting. And with so many unique data points to work with, it takes a fraction of a fingerprint to make an accurate match.
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