The development of geographic data collection and digitization technologies
along with the new demand for visualization, interactive manipulation and analysis
of the results, has generated the need for a new type of dedicated software,
called GIS. The Spatial Databases in their different modalities are
an integral part of the GIS: they provide skills to represent, store and
access to data, in addition to solving concurrency control problems,
handling of transactions, backups and recovery before failures.
In this research work the different models of representation are analyzed
of space, the spatial data types used to represent information
geospatial, its operators and spatial query languages.